If a ij is the element of row i column j of the matrix, then the lower diagonal is filled using this formula =1/C =1/D =1/E =1/F 1 A B C D E F Factor C1 C C C C C C =1/ C =1/ =1/ C =1/1 =1/0.0 =1/ C =1/1 =1/0.0 =1/1 =1/ =1/E =1/F This slide shows how to analyze this paired comparisons 10ġ1 Step 1: Pair wise comparison The criteria in the row is being compared to the criteria in the column. 8ĩ Consider the following example: Factor weighting score Factor Equal More importance than Factor Less importance than C C C C C C C C C Start with the total cost criterion and generate the following data in a spreadsheet: A B C 1 Factor C1 C C1 C C C C 1.00 D E F C C C How to fill up the upper triangular matrix is using the following rules: 1.If the judgment value is on the left side of 1, we put the actual judgment value.if the judgment value is on the right side of 1, we put the reciprocal value.ġ0 Making Comparison Matrix (How to make reciprocal matrix?) To fill the lower triangular matrix, we use the reciprocal values of the upper diagonal. This table shows a simple comparison matrix of order where criteria C1, C and C are compared against each other. 1 =1/ If the criteria in the column is preferred to the criteria in the row, then the inverse of the rating is given. Scale Degree of preference 1 Equal importance Moderate importance of one factor over another Strong or essential importance Very strong importance Extreme importance,8 Values for inverse comparison Results of the comparison (for each factors pair) were described in term of integer values from 1 (equal value) to (extreme different) where higher number means the chosen factor is considered more important in greater degree than other factor being compared with.Ĩ Example Table: Primary questionnaire design: effective criteria and pair wise comparison Factor Factor weighting score More importance than Equal Less importance than Factor C C C C C C1 Table: Pair wise comparison matrix which holds the preference values Criteria C1 C C C1 1 C C 0. The example scale for comparison (Saaty & Vargas, 11). The last level is the alternative choicesħ The first step in the AHP procedure is to make pair wise comparisons between each criterion. Level is multi-criteria that consist of several criterions, You can also add several other levels of sub-criteria. GOAL Goal Criteria 1 Criteria Criteria Factor 1 Factor Factor Subfactor 11 Subfactor 1 Subfactor 1 Subfactor 1 Subfactor Subfactor 1 Subfactor Subfactor Criteria 11 Criteria 1 Criteria 1 Criteria 1 Criteria Criteria 1 Criteria Criteria Alt 1 Alt Alt Level 1 is the goal of the analysis. Choose the one with the highest score.Ħ Structure the Hierarchy Decompose the decision-making problem into a hierarchy of criteria and alternatives. Calculate the weighted average rating for each decision alternative.
Develop the weights for the criteria by developing a pairwise comparison matrix for each criterion normalizing the resulting matrix averaging the values in each row to get the corresponding rating calculating and checking the consistency ratio. Develop the ratings for each decision alternative for each criterion by developing a pair wise comparison matrix for each criterion normalizing the resulting matrix averaging the values in each row to get the corresponding rating calculating and checking the consistency ratioĥ. Evaluate and check the consistency of judgementsĤ The basic procedure is as follows: 1.
Synthesise judgments (to obtain the set of overall or weights for achieving your goal). Make pair wise comparisons and establish priorities among the elements in the hierarchy. Decompose the decision-making problem into a hierarchy. provides measures of judgement consistency derives priorities among criteria and alternatives simplifies preference ratings among decision criteria using pair wise comparisonsģ Using AHP 1.
1 How to do AHP analysis in Excel Khwanruthai BUNRUAMKAEW (D) Division of Spatial Information Science Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba ( March 1 st, 01)Ģ The Analytical Hierarchy Process - AHP AHP is one of the multiple criteria decision-making method that was originally developed by Prof.
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